Recent advances in statistical methods for the estimation of sediment and nutrient transport in rivers

T.A.Cohn

Branch of Systems Analysis, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia

• Introduction
• The Problem
  • Method 1: Estimate a Continuous Concentration Trace
    • The Worked Record
    • Rating Curves
    • Modification 1: Retransformation and Bias Correction Factors
    • Modification 2: Bias and Variance of Long-term Transport Estimates
    • Modification 3: ``Less-than'' Values
    • Modification 4: Time Series and Transfer Function Models
  • Method 2: Direct Estimation
    • Stratified Sampling
    • A Modification: Statistically-Based Sampling
  • Other Methods for Estimating Transport
    • Ratio Estimators
    • Bivariate Lognormal Load Estimator
• Comparisons of Estimators
• Summary
• References