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Spreading Rate Dependencies of Variables Controlling Crustal Construction

Spreading rate exerts a significant control on the nature of the magmatic and tectonic processes that create crust at ocean ridges. Purdy et al. [1992] showed that a systematic relation exists between spreading rate and the depths to zones of elevated temperatures and/or partial melt. The dependence of ridge-axis morphology and magma supply on spreading rate was investigated by Phipps Morgan and Chen [1993a]. Niu and Batiza [1993] investigated the spreading rate dependence of the occurrence of the `local trend' of Klein and Langmuir [1989] and showed that the local trend (defined by a positive correlation between NaO and FeO abundance exhibited by MORB collected from a single ridge segment and corrected to 8.0 wt. % MgO) is more likely to occur at slower spreading rates than at faster spreading rates. The results of a thermal and mechanical model for the genesis of oceanic crust presented by Phipps Morgan and Chen [1993b] suggest that a delicate balance between magmatic heat injection during crustal accretion and hydrothermal heat removal leads to different crustal thermal structure at fast and slow spreading ridge axes. Crustal construction at the slow-spreading mid-Atlantic ridge was suggested to be complex and highly variable [ Smith and Cann, 1993], and to involve a large component of seamount volcanism [ Smith and Cann, 1992]. Bryan et al. [1994] presented detailed comparative volcanology of small, discontinuous axial eruptive centers from the slow spreading MARK area on the MAR. In contrast, crustal construction at the ultrafast spreading EPR south of the Garrett fracture zone was suggested to be uniform [ Kent et al., 1994].



U.S. National Report to IUGG, 1991-1994
Rev. Geophys. Vol. 33 Suppl., © 1995 American Geophysical Union