next up previous
Up: Anthropogenic CO: The natural Previous: Summary

References

1
Broecker, W.S., and T.-H. Peng, Interhemispheric transport of carbon dioxide by ocean circulation, Nature, 356, 587-589, 1992.

2
Broecker, W.S., and T.-H. Peng, Evaluation of the C constraint on the uptake of fossil fuel CO by the ocean, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 7, 619-626, 1993.

3
Conway, T.J., P. Tans, L.S. Waterman, K.W. Thoning, K.A. Masarie, R.H. Gammon, Atmospheric carbon dioxide measurements in the remote global troposphere, 1981-1984, Tellus, 40B, 81-115, 1988.

4
Honjo, S., Particle fluxes and modern sedimentation in the polar oceans, In: Polar Oceanography, Part B (Chemistry, Biology, and Geology), W. O. Smith, ed., Academic Press, San Diego, 687-739, 1990.

5
Keeling, C.D., and M. Heimann, Meridional eddy diffusion model of the transport of atmospheric carbon dioxide, 2. Mean annual carbon cycle, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 7782-7796, 1986.

6
Keeling, C.D., S.C. Piper, and M. Heimann, A three-dimensional model of atmospheric CO transport based on observed winds, 4. Mean annual gradients and interannual variations, In: Aspects of Climate Variability in the Pacific and the Western Americas, Geophys. Monog. 55, D.H. Peterson, ed., American Geophysical Union, Wash. D.C., pp. 305-363, 1989.

7
Maier-Reimer, E., and K. Hasselmann, Transport and storage of CO in the ocean: an inorganic ocean-circulation carbon cycle model, it Climate Dyn., 2, 63-90, 1987.

8
Metzl, N., C. Beauverger, C. Brunet, C. Goyet, and A. Poisson, Surface water carbon dioxide in the southwest Indian sector of the Southern Ocean: a highly variable CO source/sink region in summer, it Mar. Chem., 35, 85-95, 1991.

9
Murphy, P.P., R.A. Feely, R.H. Gammon, D.E. Harrison, K.C. Kelly, and L.S. Waterman, Assessment of the air-sea exchange of CO in the South Pacific during austral autumn, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 20455-20465, 1991.

10
Quay, P.D., B. Tilbrook, and C.S. Wong, Oceanic uptake of fossil fuel CO: Carbon-13 evidence, Science, 256, 74-79, 1992.

11
Robertson, J.E., and A.J. Watson, Thermal skin effect of the surface ocean and its implications for CO uptake, it\ Nature, 358, 738-740, 1992.

12
Sarmiento, J.L., J.C. Orr, and U. Siegenthaler, A perturbation simulation of CO uptake in an ocean general circulation model, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 3621-3645, 1992.

13
Sarmiento, J.L., and E.T. Sundquist, Revised budget for the oceanic uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide, Nature, 356, 589-593, 1992.

14
Siegenthaler, U., and J.L. Sarmiento, Atmospheric carbon dioxide and the ocean, Nature, 365, 119-125, 1993.

15
Takahashi, T., J. Olafsson, J.G. Goddard, D.W. Chipman, and S.C. Sutherland, Seasonal variations of CO and nutrients in the high-latitude surface oceans: a comparative study, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 7, 843-878, 1993.

16
Tans, P.P., I.Y. Fung, and T. Takahashi, Observational constraints on the global atmospheric CO budget, Science, 247, 1431-1438, 1990.

17
Tans, P.P., J.A. Berry, and R.F. Keeling, Oceanic C/C observations: a new window on ocean CO uptake, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 7, 353-368, 1993.

18
Wanninkhof, R., Relationship between windspeed and gas exchange over the ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 7373-7382, 1992.

19
Watson, A.J., C. Robinson, J.E. Robinson, P.J.leB. Williams, and M.J.R. Fasham, Spatial variability in the sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide in the North Atlantic, Nature, 350, 50-53, 1991.


U.S. National Report to IUGG, 1991-1994
Rev. Geophys. Vol. 33 Suppl., © 1995 American Geophysical Union