next up previous
Up: Geochemical tracers of mantle Previous: The Common Component

References

1
Anderson, D. L., Y.-S. Zhang, and T. Tanimoto, Plume heads, continental lithosphere, flood basalts and tomography, in Magmatism and the Causes of Continental Break-up, vol. 68, edited by B. C. Storey, T. Alabaster, and R. J. Pankhurst, p. 99-124, Geol. Soc. Lond., London, 1992.

2
Basu, A., W. Junwen, H. Wankang, X. Guanghong, and M. Tatsumoto, Major element, REE, and Pb, Nd and Sr isotopic geochemistry of Cenozoic volcanic rocks of eastern China: implications for their origin from suboceanic-type mantle reservoirs, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 105, 149-169, 1991.

3
Bowring, S. A., T. B. Housh, C. E. Isachsen, and D. S. Colman, The 4.0 Ga Acasta Gneisses: a smoking gun for steady-state crustal growth (abstract), EOS, 75 (16), 59, 1994.

4
Carlson, R. W., Mechanisms of Earth differentiation: consequences for the chemical structure of the mantle, Rev. Geophys., in press, 1994.

5
Castillo, P., R. W. Carlson, and R. Batiza, Origin of Nauru Basin igenous complex: Sr, Nd and Pb isotope and REE constraints, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 103, 200-213, 1991.

6
Cheng, Q. C., J. D. MacDougall, and G. W. Lugmair, Geochemical studies of Tahiti, Teahetia and Mehetia, Society Island Chain, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 55, 155-184, 1993.

7
Collerson, K. D., L. M. Campbell, B. L. Weaver, and Z. A. Palacz, Evidence for extreme mantle fractionation in early Archean ultramafic rocks from northern Labrador, Nature, 349, 209-213, 1991.

8
Creaser, R. A., D. A. Papanastassiou, and G. J. Wasserburg, Negative thermal ion mass spectrometry of osmium, rhenium, and iridium, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 55, 397-401, 1991.

9
Deng, F. and J. Macdougall, Proterozic depletion of the lithosphere recorded in mantle xenoliths from Inner Mongolia, Nature, 360, 333-336, 1992.

10
Desonie, D. L., R. A. Duncan, and J. H. Natland, Temporal and geochemical variability of volcanic products of the Marquesas hotspot, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 17649-17665, 1993.

11
Duncan, R. A., M. R. Fisk, W. White, and R. Nielsen, Tahiti: geochemical evolution of a French Polynesian volcano, J. Geophys. Res., in press, 1994.

12
Farley, K. A., A. R. Basu, and H. Craig, He, Sr and Nd isotopic variations in lavas from the Juan Fernandez Archipelago, SE Pacific, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 115, 75-87, 1993.

13
Farley, K. A., and H. Craig, Atmospheric argon contamination of oceanic island basalt olivine phenocrysts, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 58, 2519-2526, 1992.

14
Farley, K. A., J. H. Natland, and H. Craig, Binary mixing of enriched and undegassed (primitive?) mantle components (He, Sr, Nd, Pb) in Samoan lavas, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 111, 183-199, 1992.

15
Fitton, J. F., D. James, and W. P. Leeman, Basic magmatism associated with Late Cenozoic extension in the Western United States: compositional variations in space and time, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 13693-13711, 1991.

16
Garcia, M. O., K.-H. Park, G. T. Davis, H. Staudigel, and D. P. Mattey, Petrology and isotope geochemistry of lavas from the Line Islands Chain, Central Pacific Basin, in The Mesozoic Pacific; Geology, Tectonics, and Volcanism, vol. 77, edited by M. S. Pringle, W. W. Sager et al., p. 217-231, AGU, Washington, D. C., 1993.

17
Galer, S. J. G., and S. L. Goldstein, Early mantle differentiation and its thermal consequences, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 55, 227-239, 1991.

18
Gill, J. B., Igneous Rocks, in Uranium-Series Disequilibrium: Applications to Earth, Marine, and Environmental Sciences, edited by M. Ivanovich and R. S. Harmon, p. 207-258, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1992.

19
Graham, D. W., D. Christie, K. Harpp, and J. Lupton, Mantle plume helium in submarine basalts from the Galapagos Platform, Science, 262, 2023-2026, 1993.

20
Graham, D. W., S. E. Humphris, W. J. Jenkins, and M. D. Kurz, Helium isotope geochemistry of some volcanic rocks from Saint Helena, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 110, 121-131, 1991.

21
Graham, D. W., W. J. Jenkins, J.-G. Schilling, M. D. Kurz, and S. E. Humphris, Helium isotope geochemistry of mid-ocean ridge basalts from the South Atlantic, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 110, 133-147, 1992.

22
Graham, D. W., J. E. Lupton, F. AlbarŠde, and M. Condomines, Extreme temporal homogeneity of helium isotopes at Piton de la Forurnaise, Reunion Island, Nature, 347, 545-548, 1990.

23
Hanan, B., and D. Graham, A common deep source for mantle plumes: evidence from lead and helium isotopes (abstract), EOS , 75, No. 16, 67, 1994.

24
Harper, C. L., and S. B. Jacobsen, Evidence from coupled 147Sm-143Nd and 146Sm-142Nd systematics for very early (4.5-Gyr) differentiation of the Earth's mantle, Nature, 360, 728-732, 1992.

25
Hart, S. R., E. Hauri, L. Oschmann, and J. Whitehead, Mantle plumes and entrainment: isotopic evidence, Science, 256, 517-520, 1992.

26
Hauri, E. H., and S. R. Hart, Re-Os isotope systematics of HIMU and EMII oceanic island basalts from the south Pacific Ocean, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 114, 353-371, 1993.

27
Hauri, E. H., N. Shimizu, J. J. Dieu, and S. R. Hart, Evidence for hotspot-related carbonatite metasomatism in the oceanic upper mantle, Nature, 365, 221-227, 1993.

28
Hawkesworth, C., Mantle and slab contributions to arc magmas, Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 21, 175-204, 1993.

29
Hoernle, K., G. R. Titlton, and H.-U. Schmincke, Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic evolution of Gran Canaria: evidence for shallow enriched mantle beneath the Canary Islands, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 106, 44-63, 1991.

30
Johnson, C. M., and B. Beard, Evidence from Hf isotopes for ancient sub-oceanic mantle beneath the Rio Grande Rift, Nature, 362, 441-444, 1993.

31
Johnson, C. M., and R. A. Thompson, Isotopic composition of Oligocene mafic volcanic rocks in the Northern Rio Grande Rift: evidence for contributions of ancient intraplate and subduction magmatism to evolution of the lithosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 13593-13608, 1991.

32
Kennedy, A. K., S.-T. Kwon, F. A. Frey, and H. B. West, The isotopic composition of post-shield lavas from Mauna Kea volcano, Hawaii, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 103, 339-353, 1991.

33
Kurz, M. D., and D. P. Kammer, Isotopic evolution of Mauna Loa volcano, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 103, 257-269, 1991.

34
Leeman, W. P., D. C. Gerlach, M. O. Garcia, and H. B. West, Geochemical variations in lavas from Kahoolawe volcano, Hawaii: evidence for open system evolution of plume-derived magmas, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 116, 62-77, 1994.

35
Mahoney, J., A. P. le Roex, Z. Peng, R. L. Fisher, and J. H. Natland, Western limits of Indian MORB mantle and the origin of low Pb/Pb MORB: isotope systematics of the central Southwest Indian Ridge (17-50E), J. Geophys. Res., 97, 19,771-19,790, 1992.

36
Mahoney, J. J., C. Nicollet, and C. Dupuy, Madagascar basalts: tracking oceanic and continental sources, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 104, 350-363, 1991.

37
Mahoney, J. J., and K. J. Spencer, Isotopic evidence for the origin of the Manihiki and Ontong Java oceanic plateaus, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 104, 196-210, 1991.

38
Mahoney, J. J., M. Storey, R. Duncan, K. Spencer, and M. Pringle, Geochemistry and geochronology of the Ontong Java Plateau, in The Mesozoic Pacific; Geology, Tectonics, and Volcanism, vol. 77, edited by M. S. Pringle, W. W. Sager et al., p. 233-261, AGU, Wasington, D.C., 1993.

39
Martin, C. E., Osmium isotopic characteristics of mantle-derived rocks, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 55, 1421-1434, 1991.

40
Menzies, M. A., P. R. Kyle, M. Jones, and G. Ingram, Enriched and depleted source components for tholeiitic and alkaline lavas from Zuni-Bandera, New Mexico: inferences about intraplate processes and stratified lithosphere., J. Geophys. Res., 96, 13645-13671, 1991.

41
Poreda, R. J., J.-G. Schilling, and H. Craig, Helium isotope ratios in Easter microplate basalts, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 119, 319-329, 1993.

42
Pyle, D., D. M. Christie, and J. J. Mahoney, Resolving an isotopic boundary within the Australian-Antarctic Discordance, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 112, 161-178, 1992.

43
Reisberg, L., A. Zindler, F. Marcantonio, W. M. White, D. Wyman, and B. Weaver, Os isotope systematics in ocean island basalts, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 120, 149-167, 1993.

44
Salters, V. J. M., and S. R. Hart, The mantle source of ocean ridges, islands and arcs: the Hf isotope connection, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 104, 364-380, 1991.

45
Schilling, J.-G., Fluxes and excess temperatures of mantle plumes inferred from their interaction with migrating mid-ocean ridges, Nature, 352, 397-403, 1991.

46
Schilling, J.-G., R. Kingsley, B. Hanan, and B. McCully, Nd-Sr-Pb isotopic variations along the Gulf of Aden: evidence for Afar mantle plume-continental lithosphere interaction, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 10927-10996, 1992.

47
Sleep, N. H., Hotspots and mantle plumes: some phenomenology, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 6715-6736, 1990.

48
Staudigel, H., K.-H. Park, M. Pringle, J. L. Rubenstone, W. H. F. Smith, and A. Zindler, The longevity of the South Pacific isotopic and thermal anomaly, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 102, 24-44, 1991.

49
Tatsumoto, M., A. R. Basu, H. Wankang, W. Junwen, and X. Guanghong, Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopes of ultramafic xenoliths in volcanic rocks of Eastern China: enriched EMI and EMII in sub-continental lithosphere, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 113, 107-128, 1992.

50
Weaver, B. L., The origin of oceanic island basalt -member compositions: trace element and isotopic constraints, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 104, 381-397, 1991.

51
Weis, D., and F. A. Frey, Isotope geochemistry of Ninetyeast Ridge basalts: Sr, Nd, and Pb evidence for the involvement of the Kerguelen hot spot, in Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Sci. Results, 121, vol. 121, edited by J. Peirce, J. Weissel, et al., 591-610, Ocean Drilling Progam, College Station, TX, 1991.

52
Weis, D., F. A. Frey, H. Leyrit, and I. Gautier, Kerguelen Archipelago revisited: geochemical and isotopic study of the Southeast Province lavas, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 118, 101-119, 1993.

53
West, H. B., M. Garcia, D. Gerlach, and J. Romano, Geochemistry of tholeiites from Lanai, Hawaii, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 112, 520-542, 1992.

54
White, W. M., The sources of ocean basalts: Radiogenic isotopic evidence, Geology, 13, 115-118, 1985.

55
White, W. M., 238U/204Pb in MORB and open system evolution of the depleted mantle, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 115, 211-226, 1993.

56
White, W. M., A. R. McBirney, and R. A. Duncan, Petrology and Geochemistry of the Galapagos: Portrait of a Pathological Mantle Plume, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 19533-19563, 1993.

 
Figure 1: Three dimesnional plot of selected oceanic basalt data in Sr/Sr--Nd/Nd--Pb/Pb space. DMM is ``Depleted MORB Mantle.'' Adapted from Hart et al. [1992]. Figure 2. Sr/Sr vs. Pb/Pb for selected oceanic basalts. A&P MORB is Atlantic and Pacific MORB. Dark gray region in the center indicates the apparent composition of the common component, variously designated PHEM, FOZO, and ``C.''



U.S. National Report to IUGG, 1991-1994
Rev. Geophys. Vol. 33 Suppl., © 1995 American Geophysical Union